Data Center can be defined as a facility used to house computer systems and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage systems. It generally includes redundant or backup power supplies, redundant data communications connections, environmental controls (e.g., air conditioning, fire suppression) and security devices. Every organization has a data center, although it might be referred to as a server room or even a computer rack.

Building a data center is a complex activity involving, many different viable configurations and options for alignment and layout of supporting systems. The basic requirements of data centers are already specified in standards such as ANSI-TIA/EIA 942A and the other standards related to data communications and systems. Data centers, whether small or large, mainly address the availability of stored data and computing resources for users. This is the best known classification classes of Tier 1 to 4, which define the services are available in the range 99.671 % to 99.995 %. Tier 1 is defined by the possibility of failure for a period of 28.8 hours per year, and 28 minutes per year for Tier 4.